The Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Two Sun-Dried Fig Varieties (Ficus carica L.) Produced in Eastern Morocco and the Investigation of Pomological, Colorimetric, and Phytochemical Characteristics for Improved Valorization

The eastern region of Morocco is renowned for the production two varieties figs, Ghoudane (GD) and Chetoui (CH), which are characterized by their high productivity quality. To ensure a profitable selling price, producers often dry these process that not only increases storage capability but also enhances nutritional health benefits. aim this study was to investigate composition potential benefits dried GD CH figs. findings reveal both figs have rich sugars, lipids, proteins, vegetable fibers, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, other nutrients. Moreover, been sun-dried meet United Nations Economic Commission Europe’s standard in terms matter diameter. However, marketability commercial quality as classified Category I or lower-caliber In color, lighter brighter than counterparts, making them more appealing consumers. Furthermore, investigated extraction polyphenols flavonoids from fig using different solvents. Distilled water found be best solvent varieties, with showing higher content (483.6 mg GAE/100 g) (408.3 g). Meanwhile, ethanol flavonoids, (180.2 QE/100 (122.9 addition, majority extracts, particularly showed efficiency against tested bacteria yeast. Notably, had amounts total phenolics, antioxidant antimicrobial activities compared revealed correlations between phytochemical activities. conclusion, highlights variety, natural source compounds. suggest could an alternative agents various applications food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic industries.